A PROFESSIONAL APPROACH WHEN EVALUATING THE DOSE.
Days ago I wanted to listen to a cultural speech at television,  When the speech began, I had to turn the set off, because what was said resulted incomprehensible, due to the echoes in the hall. The audio engineers,  presumably expert in architectural acoustics, judged adequate the furniture with padded seats, but probably the audience resulted inferior to what they expected. So the microphones were not correctly located.
This example is to introduce the more general matter, of the need that the so called  "experts", those people now often called "technicians" with hate, mainly when they  make an optimum work, because so doing may be they are not in agreement with the interests of the ones or the others. A difficult situation.:But if one wears a hat that oblige him to act in a given and correct way, even it is not always clear whether his hat was assigned properly, we must always bear in mind the latin sentence “quis custodiet custodes?”, i.e.  who could judge the quality of the performance?
Turning again to the main theme of this article, the measurement of the quantity of radiant energy absorbed in the matter, in particular by living matter,  starting by the definition we must determine, for each tissue of interest,  the "absorbed dose", i.e. the ratio dE/dm, where dm is a mass element, that could also belong to an organ beneath the surface of the body, also when the source of the radiation often is external to the body itself. in any case we have to determine dE for that type of radiation. This problem is easy when we can utilize instruments  correctly calibrated, measuring the absorbed dose in a material,air for example, where we can put the whole instrument, generally in an accredited lab, where the calibration is conducted with reference to the KERMA, Kinetic Energy Released in Matter  by a radiation (usually photonic) whose characteristics are well known and declared. On the other hand there are cases when the dose must be evaluated against thresholds or limits for parts of the body or positions where it is not possible or uneasy  to put in place a radiation detector, for example at the living layer of the skin,  0,07 mm beneath the surface, often not only for photonic radiation, for which we may expect to have directly calibrated instruments.. The measurement is not impossible, but may become rather cumbersome. In fact the radiation in depth is that at the surface, but attenuated by an evaluable entity by the interposed material..
That's to say, only a really qualified "professional", through his scientific knowledge, and using logic and mathematics, will be able to report sound and mathematically tenable statements. Ofherwise his yob will be no more than a bad "trick". The invoice then shall be the only consequence, not the core of his activity.